New materials

1. The program for theoretical estimation of the maximum temperature in reactions named Solution Combustion Synthesis (SCS) - The program SCSTempCal is intended for theoretical estimation of the maximum temperature in reactions named Solution Combustion Synthesis (SCS). The assumptions used in the calculation algorithm allow estimate temperatures for combustion processes lasting up to 15–20 seconds. The program makes estimates in four approximations, and also provides the ability to simulate various pathways of reactions. In addition, the program is applicable for calculating the maximum temperatures in SHS reactions (self-propagating high-temperature synthesis).
   Theme of development: New materials
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2. Activated aluminum powders - (components of solid fuel and explosives, metallic matrices of composites, catalysts for metal hydride production, corrosion preventing coatings)
   Theme of development: New materials

3. Prof. V.L. Volkov        Dr. G.S. Zakharova     Dr. N.V. Podvalnaya

   
   

    

   
   

   ·    Area of research: hydrochemistry of solid state

   
   

   ·    The main fundamental task: development of scientific principles and efficient processes of synthesis of solid-phase oxide compounds in aqueous and aqueous-organic media

   
   

   ·    Practical aim: synthesis of novel polyfunctional nano-sized materials and composites on the basis of d-element oxides

   
   

   ·    Scientific contacts: Institute of Metal Physics, Institute of Electrophysics, Institute of Organic Synthesis UB RAS, Ural Polytechnical University, Institute of Physics of Semiconductors (Vilnius, Lithuania), Wukhan Technological University, Institute of Materials and Technologies (Wukhan, China), Korean Polytechnical University, Innovation Nanotechnology Centre (Seuol, Korea)

   
   

    

   
   

     Basic Achievements

   
   

   -        An original zol-gel method has been developed for the production of finely dispersed powders, films and nanotubes of simple and complex d-element oxides

   
   

    

   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   

   PEM image of vanadium oxide nanotubes D = 50 nm, d = 3.5 – 4.9 nm D001 = 8.7 Å	PEM image of molybdenum oxide nanotube D = 60 – 100 nm D001 = 6.9 Å
   PEM image of  amine-containing nanotube V0.9Cr0.1O2.5-d	Fullerene-like oxide V2-xMoxO5+d

   
   

    

   
   

    

   
   

    

   
   

   Стр. 3

   
   

   -        A film humidity sensor and a current source with aqueous electrolyte for meteorological radiosondes have been worked out

   
   

    

   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   

   Humidity sensor: 1 – resistor, 2 – xerogel film
   	Voltage versus element discharge time Mg, Al | aqueous electrolyte | VOx – NT Jp. = 2.4 mA/cm2 Upon 5 h U = 1.43 V
   Electrical resistivity of (NH4)xV9Mo3O31×nH2O films (1) and V2O5/ГХН composite (2) versus the humidity of air

   
   

    

   
   
   
   

   -        A high-performance catalyst for removing toxic halogen benzene from gas discharge has been produced. 100 % conversion is attained at T = 300 °C when the concentration of phenyl chloride is 900 – 9000 ppm.

   
   

   -        A bifunctional composite sensor has been developed to provide automatic control over removal of heavy non-ferrous metal and arsenic ions from sewage.

   
   

   -        A new acid-free method for extraction of vanadium from different solutions has been worked out.

   
   

    

   
   

   This work was supported by RFBR grants 03-03-32104, 05-03-32834, RFBR-GFEN (China) grants 99-03-39065, 03-03-39009, and SS grant 829.203.3.

   
   

    

   
   

    

   
   

    

   
   

   Стр. 5

   
   

   Publications

   
   

   Patents

   
   

   1.      Podvalnaya N.V., Volkov V.L. Method for removal of vanadium from solutions. Bul. isobret. No. 23. 20.08.2002. RF Patent No. 2187570. (in Russian)

   
   

   2.      Volkov V.L., Podvalnaya N.V., Yanchenko M.Yu. Alkaline element source for a device producing alkaline element vapors. RF Patent No. 2187570. Bul. 2002. No. 23. (in Russian)

   
   

   3.      Nikolayeva O.A., Kodolov V.I., Zakharova G.S., Shayakhmetova E.Sh. et al. Method for producing carbon and metal containing nanostructures. RF Patent No. 2225835 dated 20.03.2004. (in Russian)

   
   

   4.      Volkov V.L., Zakharova G.S., Volkova E.G. Method for producing vanadium oxide nanotubes. FR Patent No. 2240980. Bul. 2004. No. 33. (in Russian)

   
   

   5.      Volkov V.L. Ion-selective compositional electrode. RF Patent No. 2235996. Bul. 2004. No. 25. (in Russian)

   
   

   6.      Volkov V.L., Zainulin Yu.G., Kadyrova N.I., Zakharova G.S. Vanadium oxide bronze, method of its production and application as a magnetic or electrode-active material. RF Patent No. 2245846. Bul. 2005. No. 4. (in Russian)

   
   

   7.      Volkov V.L., Zakharova G.S., Ivanov V.E. Humidity sensor. RF Patent No. 2242752. Bul. 2004. No. 35. (in Russian)

   
   

    

   
   

   Monographs

   
   

   1.      Volkov V.L., Zakharova G.S., Bondarenka V.M. Xerogels of simple and complex polyvanadates. Ekaterinburg: UrO RAN. 2001. 194 p. (in Russian)

   
   

   2.      Zakharova G.S., Volkov V.L., Ivanovskaya V.V., Ivanovskii A.L. Nanotubes and related metal oxide nanostructures. Ekaterinburg: UrO RAN. 2005. 261 p. (in Russian)

   
   

    

   
   

   Reviews

   
   

   1.      Volkov V.L., Lazarev V.F., Zakharova G.S. Cathode materials made of vanadium oxide (V) xerogels in chemical current sources. Electrokhimicheskaya energetika. 2001. V. 1. No. 3. P. 3-8. (in Russian)

   
   

   2.      Zakharova G.S., Volkov V.L. Intercalation compounds based on vanadium oxide (V) xerogel. Uspekhi khimii. 2003. V. 72. P. 246-362. (in Russian)

   
   

   3.      Zakharova G.S., Enyashin A.N., Ivanovskaya V.V., Volkov V.L., Ivanovskii A.L. Titanium and vanadium oxide nanotubes: synthesis and modeling. Inzhenernaya fizika. 2003. No. 5. P. 19-41. (in Russian)

   
   

   4.      Zakharova G.S., Volkov V.L., Ivanovskaya V.V., Ivanovskii A.L. Nanotubes of d-metal oxides and related nanostructures: synthesis and modeling. Uspekhi khimii. 2005. V. 74. P. 651-685. (in Russian)

   
   

   5.      Volkov V.L., Zakharova G.S., Volkova E.G., Kuznetsov M.V., Murzakayev A.M. Vanadium oxide nanotubes. Materialovedeniye. 2005. No. 1. P. 40-45. (in Russian)

   
   

    

   
   

   Papers in foreign journals

   
   

   1.      Ozerov R.P., Streltsov V.A., Sobolev A.N., Volkov V.L., Figgis B.N. Electron density in the sodium vanadium oxide bronze b-Na_xV₂O₅ at 9 K. Actya Cryst. 2001. V. B57. P. 244-250.

   
   

   2.      Bondarenka V., Volkov V., Tvardauskas H., Grebinskij S., Mickevicius S., Zakharova G. Ion beam induced preferential removal of oxygen from vanadium hydrates. Nucl. Instr. And Meth. In Phys. Res. 2001. V. 178B. P. 323-326.

   
   

   3.      Podvalnaya N.V., Volkov V.L., Andeykov E.I. Potassium vanadates of mixed valence as sulfuric acid catalyst precursors. Reaction Kinetics and Catalysis Letters. 2001. V. 73. No. 2. P. 357-365.

   
   

   4.      Bondarenka V., Volkov V., Grebinskij S., Mickevicius S., Zakharova G. XPS study of vanadium-yttrium hydrates. J. Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena. 2001. V. 120. P. 131-135.

   
   

   5.      Bondarenka V., Grebinskij S., Mickevicius S., Volkov V., Zakharova G. Electrical conductivity of vanadium pentoxide xerogels. Lithuanian J. of Physics. 2002. V. 42. No. 6. P. 435-439.

   
   

   6.      Bondarenka V., Grebinskij S., Mickevicius S., Volkov V., Zakharova G. Proton transport and optical properties of vanadium hydrates. Mass and Charge Transport in Inorganic Materials. Techna Srl. 2003. P. 399-406.

   
   

   7.      Tvardauskas H., Bondarenka V., Volkov V., Podvalnaia N. XPS Study of Rb-V-O xerogels. Lithuanian J. of Physics. 2002. V. 42. No. 5. P. 341-346.

   
   

   8.      Zakharova G.S., Volkov V.L. Sol-gel synthesis and properties of mixed hydrated oxides H_xV_xW_1-xO₃×nH₂O. Mater. Res. Bull. V. 39. No. 13. P. 2049-2055.

   
   

   9.      Enyashin A.N., Ivanovskaya V.V., Makurin Yu.N., Volkov V.L., Ivanovskii A.L. Electronic properties of Mo-doped cylindrical and scroll-like divanadium pentoxide nanotubes. Chem. Phys. Lett. 2004. V. 392. P. 555-560.

   
   

   10.  Bondarenka V., Grebinskij S., Volkov V., Zakharova G. et al. X-ray photoelectron spectra of vanadium-titanium hydrated compounds. Lithuanian J. of Physics. 2003. V. 43. No. 4. P. 309-313.

   
   

   11.  Zakharova G.S., Volkov V.L. Synthesis and properties of the mixed hydrated oxides V_2-yW_yO_5+d×nH₂O. J. Sol-Gel Science and Technology. V. 34. 2005. P. 293-298.

   
   

    

   
   

   Papers in national journals

   
   

    

   
   

   1.      Khokhriakov N.V., Kodolov V.I., Nikolaeva O.A., Volkov V.L. Quantum-chemical investigation of alcohols dehydration and dehydrogenation possibility in interface layers of vanadium oxide systems. Zh. Khimicheskaya fizika i mezoskopiya. 2001. V. 3. No. 1. P. 53-65.

   
   

   2.      Podvalnaya N.V., Volkov V.L., Kristallov L.V. Interaction in MVO₃-VOSO₄-H₂O (M = Rb, Cs) systems and phase composition of precipitates. Zh. Neorgan. khimii. 2001. V. 46. No. 4. P. 663-668. (in Russian)

   
   

   3.      Volkov V.L., Zakharova G.S., Kristallov L.V. et al. Synthesis, structure and properties of ammonium polyvanadate molybdates. Neorgan. materialy. 2001. V. 37. No. 4. P. 492-497. (in Russian)

   
   

   4.      Volkov V.L., Zakharova G.S., Yakovlev A.V., Ivanov V.E. Novel film materials for atmospheric parameter sensors. Perspektivnye materialy. 2001. No. 3. P. 30-33. (in Russian)

   
   

   5.      Volkov V.L., Zakharova G.S., Dai G., Tong M. Water vapor and ethanol sensors based on polyvanadatomolybdate xerogel films. Mikrosistemnaya tekhnika. 2001. No. 7. P. 6-9. (in Russian)

   
   

   6.      Leonidov I.A., Volkov V.L., Zakharova G.S., Leonidova O.N. Proton conductivity of H_2-x(NH₄)_xV₉Mo₃O_29.5×nH₂O xerogel films. Neorgan. materialy. 2002. V. 38. No. 10. P. 1-6. (in Russian)

   
   

   7.      Volkov V.L., Zakharova G.S. Thermodynamic and electrical properties of (NH₄)_2-xH_xV₉Mo₃O_31+d×nH₂O xerogels. Zhurn. fiz. khimii. 2002. V. 76. No. 5. P. 829-835. (in Russian)

   
   

   8.      Zakharova G.S., Volkov V.L., Cherkashenko V.M. Synthesis and properties of hydrated solid solutions H_x/2V_2-xMo_xO_5+d×nH₂O. Zhurn. neorgan. khimii. 2002. V. 47. No. 6. P. 897-901. (in Russian)

   
   

   9.      Kristallov L.V., Podvalnaya N.V., Perelyaeva L.A. IR spectra of oxide compounds of the composition M₂V₃O₈, where M = K, Rb, Cs, NH₄, with a mixed degree of vanadium oxidation. Zhurn. neorgan. khimii. 2002. V. 47. No. 2. P. 243-245. (in Russian)

   
   

   10.  Volkov V.L., Zakharova G.S., Kuznetsov M.V., Kristallov L.V., Dai G., Tong M. Study of complex hydrated vanadium (V) and titanium (IV) oxides produced by zol-gel technique. Zhurn. neorgan. khimii. 2002. V. 47. No. 2. P. 172-177. (in Russian)

   
   

   11.  Volkov V.L., Zakharova G.S. Partial thermodynamic functions of hydrogen in complex hydrated vanadium (V) and tungsten (VI) oxides. Zh. fiz. khimii. 2003. V. 77. No. 4. P. 605-609. (in Russian)

   
   

   12.  Volkov V.L., Zakharova G.S. Electric conductivity of H₂V_12-yW_yO_31+d×nH₂O and H_xV_xW_1xO₃×nH₂O. Neogan. materialy. 2003. V. 39. No. 7. P. 854-858. (in Russian)

   
   

   13.  Zakharova G.S., Volkov V.L., Kuznetsov M.V. Study of complex hydrated vanadium (V) and tungsten (VI) oxides produced by zol-gel technique. Zh. neorgan. khimii. 2003. V. 48. No. 1. P. 99-103. (in Russian)

   
   

   14.  Volkov V.L., Podvalnaya N.V. Hydrolytic deposition of vanadium compounds in MVO₃-VOSO₄-H₂O systems. Zh. neorgan. khimii. 2003. V. 48. No. 10. P. 1-4. (in Russian)

   
   

   15.  Kadyrova N.I., Zakharova G.S., Zainulin Yu.G., Volkov V.L., Dyachkova T.V., Tyutyunnik A.P., Zubkov V.G. Synthesis and some properties of novel compounds NaCu₃V₄O₁₂ and CaCu₃V₄O₁₂ obtained under all-round compression. DAN. 2003. V. 392. No. 6. P. 776. (in Russian)

   
   

   16.  Volkov V.L., Kadyrova N.I., Zakharova G.S. et al. New perovskite-like bronze Na_0.25Cu_0.75VO₃. Neorgan. mater. 2004. V. 40. No. 2. P. 228-231. (in Russian)

   
   

   17.  Kadyrova N.I., Tyutyunnik A.P., Zubkov V.G., Zakharova G.S., Volkov V.L. et al. Thermobaric synthesis and crystal structure of novel compounds NaCu₃V₄O₁₂ and CaCu₃V₄O₁₂. Zhurn. neorgan. khimii. 2003. V. 48. No. 12. P. 1941-1946. (in Russian)

   
   

   18.  Volkov V.L., Zakharova G.S. Ionic conduction of (PbOH)₂V₁₂O₃₁×nH₂O. Neorgan. mater. 2003. V. 39. No. 11. P. 1373-1376. (in Russian)

   
   

   19.  Volkov V.L., Zakharova G.S., Volkova E.G., Kuznetsov M.V. Novel vanadium oxide nanotubes. Zhurn. neorgan. khimii. 2004. V. 49. No. 6. P. 885-889. (in Russian)

   
   

   20.  Volkov V.L., Zakharova G.S., Kuznetsov M.V. Synthesis and properties of new vanadium oxide tubulenes. Zhurn. neorgan. khimii. 2004. V. 49. No. 7. P. 1165-1169. (in Russian)

   
   

   21.  Kadyrova N.I., Zakharova G.S., Zainulin Yu.G., Volkov V.L. Synthesis and some properties of novel compounds NaCu₃V₄O₁₂ and CaCu₃V₄O₁₂ obtained under all-round compression. DAN. 2003. V. 392. No. 6. P. 776-778. (in Russian)

   
   

   22.  Podvalnaya N.V., Mirolyubov V.R., Volkov V.L. Solubility of rubidium and caesium hexavanadates in sulphuric acid. Zhurn. neorgan. khimii. 2004. V. 49. No. 5. P. 858-861. (in Russian)

   
   

   23.  Bondarenka V., Volkov V.L., Podvalnaya N.V., Grebinskii S., Mitskyavichus S., Tvardauskas G. X-ray photoelectron spectra and electrical characteristics of polyvanadate K_4.3V₆O_16.2. Neorgan. materialy. 2004. V. 40. No. 3. P. 336-339. (in Russian)

   
   

   24.  Volkov V.L., Zakharova G.S., Volkova E.G. Vanadium oxide nanotubes with introduced organic radicals. ZhNKh. 2005. V. 50. No. 3. P.
   Theme of development: New materials

4. Reactor for partial oxidation of methane - A multifunctional laboratory reactor for partial oxidation of methane has been developed which produces from 100 to 150 l of synthesis gas per hour. Its design makes it possible to control temperature in different reactor zones and oxygen activity in gaseous phase, as well as to vary the number and arrangement of membranes.
   Theme of development: New materials

5. Nanocrystalline WC powders with the average particle size from 20 to 100 nm - Nanocrystalline tungsten carbide powders with assigned average particle size 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100 nm. The concentration of particles of assigned size is 40% or larger, the concentration of gaseous impurities (oxygen, nitrogen) is below 0.1 mass %, the total concentration of metallic impurities is less than 0.05 mass %
   Theme of development: New materials

6. Development of compositions of aluminum-based master alloys

   
   Theme of development: New materials
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7. Nanocomposite track membranes - A device has been created for the production of nanocomposite track membranes (NCTM) by plasmochemical methods. The developed technology allows continuous spraying of titanium carbide or nitride on a 50 cm wide NCTM apron. It was established that the sprayed layers cover not only the external membrane surface, but also its intra-pore space. NCTM samples with conducting TiN layer were used for determination of the fractional composition of algae in some water reservoirs of Sverdlovskaya region (in cooperation with IPAE UB RAS).
   Theme of development: New materials

8. Development

   
   Theme of development: New materials
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9. Nanocrystalline WC powders with average particle size from 20 to 100 nm - Nanocrystalline WC powders with pre-assigned average particle size 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100 nm. The content of particles in a powder of nanoparticles with a given size is 40% or greater; the content of gaseous impurities (oxygen, nitrogen) is maximum 0.1 mass %; the total content of metallic impurities is smaller than 0.05 mass %.
   Theme of development: New materials

10. RFBR Project No. 02-03-32972 "Re-containing complex oxides with pyrochlore-like and perovskite-like structures". Project leader - Bazuev G.V.
    Theme of development: New materials

11. Reactor for partial oxidation of methane - (A multifunctional laboratory reactor for partial oxidation of methane has been developed which produces from 100 to 150 l of synthesis gas per hour. Its design makes it possible to control temperature in different reactor zones and oxygen activity in gaseous phase, as well as to vary the number and arrangement of membranes.)
    Theme of development: New materials
    more in detail>>

12. Tungsten-free hard alloy - (cutting tools, wear-resistant machine parts)
    Theme of development: New materials

13. Findings obtained at the Laboratory of chemistry of rare elements in 2001
    Theme of development: New materials
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14. Findings obtained at the Laboratory of physicochemical methods of analysis in 2005

    
    Theme of development: New materials
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15. Gas-thermal coatings - (wear- and shock-proof coatings with t<700С, wear-resistant corrosion-preventing coatings with t>1000С, wear-resistant shock-proof refractory coating with t>1200 С; hot dies are made 2-5 times more durable!)
    Theme of development: New materials

16. Cryomanipulators - (based on low-temperature ferromagnetic semiconductors; intended for cooling systems of devices operating under zero-gravity conditions)
    Theme of development: New materials

17. Foam ceramic materials (TiC, SiC, TiN) -
    

    Synthesis of foam ceramic materials

    
    

    Having joined the Laboratory of physicochemical methods of analysis, the group of Acad. G.P. Shveikin continued to study the methods of high-temperature synthesis and to search for new fields of application of foam-honeycomb materials based on refractory interstitial phases and of related substances with similar physicochemical properties (engineer Timoshchuk T.A.).

    
    Theme of development: New materials

18. Leucoxene concentrate - (a new technology of leucoxene processing has been developed which makes it possible to produce SiC and TiO₂, as well as novel materials to be used as heating elements for microwave furnaces and as powders for gas-thermal coatings)
    Theme of development: New materials

19. Novel materials for medicine

    
    Theme of development: New materials
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20. Method for producing nanoctructured nonstoichiometric carbides using disorder-order transformation
    Theme of development: New materials